[Feat] (android-plugin): add standalone trace replay profile

.gitmodules

@@ -28,3 +28,6 @@
 [submodule "3rdparty/SPIRV-Reflect"]
 	path = 3rdparty/SPIRV-Reflect
 	url = https://github.com/KhronosGroup/SPIRV-Reflect.git
+[submodule "android-plugin/third_party/apitrace"]
+	path = android-plugin/third_party/apitrace
+	url = https://github.com/MobileGL-Dev/apitrace.git

MobileGL/MG_Backend/DirectVulkan/Renderer/VkTextureManager.cpp

@@ -399,6 +399,13 @@ namespace MobileGL::MG_Backend::DirectVulkan {
 
     static void DumpTextureUploadStats(Int textureId, TextureUploadTarget target, Uint32 level,
                                        const IntVec3& texelSize, const void* data, SizeT byteSize, Uint32 channels) {
+        if (channels == 0 && texelSize.x() > 0 && texelSize.y() > 0) {
+            const SizeT depth = static_cast<SizeT>(std::max(texelSize.z(), 1));
+            const SizeT pixelCount = static_cast<SizeT>(texelSize.x()) * static_cast<SizeT>(texelSize.y()) * depth;
+            if (pixelCount > 0 && byteSize % pixelCount == 0) {
+                channels = static_cast<Uint32>(std::min<SizeT>(byteSize / pixelCount, 4));
+            }
+        }
         if (!ShouldDumpTextureUploadStats() || data == nullptr || byteSize == 0 || channels == 0) {
             return;
         }

MobileGL/MG_Backend/DirectVulkan/Renderer/VulkanRenderer.cpp

@@ -148,6 +148,21 @@ namespace MobileGL::MG_Backend::DirectVulkan {
         vkCmdSetLineWidth(commandBuffer, lineWidth);
     }
 
+    static VkRect2D MakeClampedScissorRect(const IntVec4& scissorBox, const IntVec2& framebufferExtent) {
+        const Int x0 = std::max<Int>(0, scissorBox.x());
+        const Int y0 = std::max<Int>(0, scissorBox.y());
+        const Int x1 = std::min<Int>(framebufferExtent.x(), scissorBox.x() + std::max<Int>(0, scissorBox.z()));
+        const Int y1 = std::min<Int>(framebufferExtent.y(), scissorBox.y() + std::max<Int>(0, scissorBox.w()));
+
+        VkRect2D scissor{};
+        scissor.offset = {x0, y0};
+        scissor.extent = {
+            static_cast<Uint32>(std::max<Int>(0, x1 - x0)),
+            static_cast<Uint32>(std::max<Int>(0, y1 - y0)),
+        };
+        return scissor;
+    }
+
     static void ApplyStencilState(VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer) {
         const StencilFaceState& frontStencil = MG_State::pGLContext->GetStencilState(StencilFace::Front);
         const StencilFaceState& backStencil = MG_State::pGLContext->GetStencilState(StencilFace::Back);
@@ -464,6 +479,15 @@ namespace MobileGL::MG_Backend::DirectVulkan {
         return value != nullptr && value[0] != '\0' ? value : nullptr;
     }
 
+    static Bool PresentDumpMatchesTargetCall() {
+        const char* target = std::getenv("MOBILEGL_PRESENT_DUMP_CALL");
+        if (target == nullptr || target[0] == '\0') {
+            return true;
+        }
+        const char* current = std::getenv("MOBILEGL_PRESENT_CURRENT_CALL");
+        return current != nullptr && std::strcmp(target, current) == 0;
+    }
+
     static void DumpVertexInputStats(Uint32 location, const MG_State::GLState::VertexAttribute& attr,
                                      Uint32 firstVertex, Uint32 vertexCount) {
         if (!ShouldDumpVertexInputStats() || attr.Type != DataType::Float32 || attr.Size <= 0 || attr.Size > 4) {
@@ -3018,8 +3042,7 @@ void main() {
         VkRect2D scissor{};
         if (scissorEnabled) {
             const auto& scissorBox = MG_State::pGLContext->GetScissorBox();
-            scissor.offset = { scissorBox[0], scissorBox[1] };
+            scissor = MakeClampedScissorRect(scissorBox, renderPassEntry->extent);
-            scissor.extent = { (Uint)scissorBox[2], (Uint)scissorBox[3] };
         } else {
             scissor.offset = {0, 0};
             scissor.extent = { (Uint)renderPassEntry->extent.x(), (Uint)renderPassEntry->extent.y() };
@@ -4105,6 +4128,7 @@ void main() {
     Bool VulkanRenderer::SubmitReadbackCommandsAndWait(FrameContext::FrameData& frame) {
         if (frame.isCommandRecording) {
             m_frameContext.EndCommandRecording();
+            frame.hasCommandBufferRecorded = true;
         }
         if (!frame.hasCommandBufferRecorded) {
             return true;
@@ -4185,6 +4209,16 @@ void main() {
         const VkImageLayout srcOriginalLayout = readIsDefaultFbo
             ? m_swapchainObject.GetImageLayout(m_imageIndexAcquired)
             : *srcBinding.trackedLayout;
+        if (PresentStatsEnabled()) {
+            std::fprintf(stderr,
+                         "MOBILEGL_READPIXELS_BEGIN defaultFbo=%s x=%d y=%d width=%d height=%d srcLayout=%d recording=%s recorded=%s imageIndex=%u\n",
+                         readIsDefaultFbo ? "true" : "false",
+                         x, y, width, height,
+                         static_cast<Int>(srcOriginalLayout),
+                         frame.isCommandRecording ? "true" : "false",
+                         frame.hasCommandBufferRecorded ? "true" : "false",
+                         m_imageIndexAcquired);
+        }
         if (srcOriginalLayout == VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED) {
             MGLOG_E("DirectVulkan::ReadPixels skipped: source image layout is undefined");
             return;
@@ -4261,6 +4295,23 @@ void main() {
             MGLOG_E("DirectVulkan::ReadPixels skipped: failed to map readback buffer");
             return;
         }
+        if (PresentStatsEnabled()) {
+            const SizeT pixelCount = static_cast<SizeT>(width) * static_cast<SizeT>(height);
+            SizeT nonBlack = 0;
+            SizeT nonTransparent = 0;
+            for (SizeT i = 0; i < pixelCount; ++i) {
+                const Uint8* p = mapped + i * 4;
+                if (p[0] != 0 || p[1] != 0 || p[2] != 0) {
+                    ++nonBlack;
+                }
+                if (p[3] != 0) {
+                    ++nonTransparent;
+                }
+            }
+            std::fprintf(stderr,
+                         "MOBILEGL_READPIXELS_STATS nonBlack=%zu/%zu alpha=%zu/%zu\n",
+                         nonBlack, pixelCount, nonTransparent, pixelCount);
+        }
         const VkFormat srcFormat = readIsDefaultFbo ? m_swapchainObject.GetSurfaceFormat().format : VK_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
         PackReadbackToClientOrPbo(mapped, srcFormat, width, height, format, type, pixels);
     }
@@ -4768,8 +4819,21 @@ void main() {
         VkDeviceSize presentStatsReadbackSize = 0;
         const VkExtent2D presentStatsExtent = m_swapchainObject.GetExtent();
         const char* presentDumpPath = PresentDumpPath();
-        const Bool collectPresentStats = (PresentStatsEnabled() || presentDumpPath != nullptr) && frame.isCommandRecording &&
+        const Bool shouldDumpPresent = presentDumpPath != nullptr && PresentDumpMatchesTargetCall();
+        const Bool collectPresentStats = (PresentStatsEnabled() || shouldDumpPresent) && frame.isCommandRecording &&
                                          presentStatsExtent.width > 0 && presentStatsExtent.height > 0;
+        if (PresentStatsEnabled() && presentDumpPath != nullptr) {
+            const char* targetCall = std::getenv("MOBILEGL_PRESENT_DUMP_CALL");
+            const char* currentCall = std::getenv("MOBILEGL_PRESENT_CURRENT_CALL");
+            std::fprintf(stderr,
+                         "MOBILEGL_PRESENT_DUMP_GATE target=%s current=%s shouldDump=%s recording=%s size=%ux%u path=%s\n",
+                         targetCall != nullptr ? targetCall : "",
+                         currentCall != nullptr ? currentCall : "",
+                         shouldDumpPresent ? "true" : "false",
+                         frame.isCommandRecording ? "true" : "false",
+                         presentStatsExtent.width, presentStatsExtent.height,
+                         presentDumpPath);
+        }
         if (collectPresentStats) {
             presentStatsReadbackSize = static_cast<VkDeviceSize>(presentStatsExtent.width) *
                                        static_cast<VkDeviceSize>(presentStatsExtent.height) * 4;
@@ -4860,7 +4924,7 @@ void main() {
                              nonBlack, pixelCount, colored, pixelCount, nonTransparent, pixelCount,
                              presentStatsExtent.width, presentStatsExtent.height);
             }
-            if (presentDumpPath != nullptr) {
+            if (shouldDumpPresent) {
                 FILE* dump = std::fopen(presentDumpPath, "wb");
                 if (dump != nullptr) {
                     std::fprintf(dump, "P6\n%u %u\n255\n", presentStatsExtent.width, presentStatsExtent.height);
@@ -4870,6 +4934,12 @@ void main() {
                         std::fwrite(rgb, 1, sizeof(rgb), dump);
                     }
                     std::fclose(dump);
+                    if (PresentStatsEnabled()) {
+                        std::fprintf(stderr, "MOBILEGL_PRESENT_DUMP_WRITTEN path=%s bytes=%zu\n",
+                                     presentDumpPath, static_cast<SizeT>(pixelCount * 3));
+                    }
+                } else if (PresentStatsEnabled()) {
+                    std::fprintf(stderr, "MOBILEGL_PRESENT_DUMP_FAILED path=%s\n", presentDumpPath);
                 }
             }
         }

android-plugin/TRACE_REPLAY.md

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+# MobileGL trace replay APK
+
+The Android plugin app has two flavor dimensions:
+
+- `backend`: `espryt` uses `DirectGLES`, `magma` uses `DirectVulkan`.
+- `profile`: `plugin` keeps the original FCL plugin APK behavior, `trace` adds the standalone trace runner Activity.
+
+Useful debug builds:
+
+```sh
+./gradlew -p MobileGL/android-plugin :app:assembleEsprytPluginDebug
+./gradlew -p MobileGL/android-plugin :app:assembleEsprytTraceDebug
+./gradlew -p MobileGL/android-plugin :app:assembleMagmaTraceDebug
+```
+
+The trace profile keeps the existing plugin manifest metadata and adds:
+
+```text
+action: top.mobilegl.plugin.TRACE_REPLAY
+activity: top.mobilegl.plugin.trace.TraceReplayActivity
+```
+
+Intent extras:
+
+```text
+trace_path    absolute path to the apitrace file
+golden_path   optional absolute path to a golden PNG
+output_dir    directory for result.json and actual.png
+backend       DirectGLES or DirectVulkan; defaults to the backend flavor
+target_frame  target frame index, or -1
+target_call   target call number, or -1
+width         optional replay surface width override
+height        optional replay surface height override
+tolerance     allowed mismatching pixel count after fuzz is applied
+fuzz_percent  per-channel fuzz percentage; default is 20
+crop_x        optional compare crop x
+crop_y        optional compare crop y
+crop_width    optional compare crop width
+crop_height   optional compare crop height
+```
+
+Implementation notes:
+
+- The trace APK builds independently from FCL and can be launched with `adb shell am start`.
+- The native runner validates inputs, sets `MOBILEGL_BACKEND_TYPE`, loads `libMobileGL.so`, runs apitrace GL retrace, writes `actual.png`, and writes `result.json`.
+- The runner uses a MobileGL-backed EGL window-system shim. GLX calls in PC traces are consumed by apitrace's GLX retrace frontend and mapped onto this EGL shim; the Android runner does not require or call a MobileGL GLX implementation.
+- `DirectGLES` replays on an EGL pbuffer by default, avoiding Android `SurfaceView` lifetime coupling. `DirectVulkan` still uses the Activity surface because it needs a native window-backed Vulkan swapchain.
+- Golden comparison is implemented in native C++ with libpng RGBA decode. The Java Activity only passes arguments and displays the native result, so the replay/compare core is not tied to Android UI or Bitmap APIs and can be ported to Linux.
+- The plugin profile still excludes `libtrace_replay_runner.so`; normal plugin APK behavior is preserved.
+
+Example core-profile trace smoke command for a debug trace APK:
+
+```sh
+adb push app.trace /data/local/tmp/mobilegl_app.trace
+adb push app.golden.png /data/local/tmp/mobilegl_app_ref.png
+adb shell run-as top.mobilegl.plugin.espryt.trace mkdir -p files/trace-replay/input files/trace-replay/output
+adb shell run-as top.mobilegl.plugin.espryt.trace cp /data/local/tmp/mobilegl_app.trace files/trace-replay/input/app.trace
+adb shell run-as top.mobilegl.plugin.espryt.trace cp /data/local/tmp/mobilegl_app_ref.png files/trace-replay/input/app.golden.png
+adb shell am start -a top.mobilegl.plugin.TRACE_REPLAY \
+  -n top.mobilegl.plugin.espryt.trace/top.mobilegl.plugin.trace.TraceReplayActivity \
+  --es trace_path /data/user/0/top.mobilegl.plugin.espryt.trace/files/trace-replay/input/app.trace \
+  --es golden_path /data/user/0/top.mobilegl.plugin.espryt.trace/files/trace-replay/input/app.golden.png \
+  --es output_dir /data/user/0/top.mobilegl.plugin.espryt.trace/files/trace-replay/output \
+  --es backend DirectGLES \
+  --el target_call 31249 \
+  --ei tolerance 0 \
+  --ei fuzz_percent 20
+adb shell run-as top.mobilegl.plugin.espryt.trace cat files/trace-replay/output/result.json
+```

android-plugin/app/build.gradle

@@ -34,13 +34,14 @@ android {
         }
     }
 
-    flavorDimensions 'backend'
+    flavorDimensions 'backend', 'profile'
 
     productFlavors {
         espryt {
             dimension 'backend'
             applicationId 'top.mobilegl.plugin.espryt'
             def env = mobileGlEnvString('DirectGLES')
+            resValue 'string', 'mobilegl_default_backend', 'DirectGLES'
             manifestPlaceholders = [
                     appLabel: 'MobileGL Espryt',
                     des     : 'MobileGL Espryt',
@@ -53,6 +54,7 @@ android {
             dimension 'backend'
             applicationId 'top.mobilegl.plugin.magma'
             def env = mobileGlEnvString('DirectVulkan')
+            resValue 'string', 'mobilegl_default_backend', 'DirectVulkan'
             manifestPlaceholders = [
                     appLabel: 'MobileGL Magma',
                     des     : 'MobileGL Magma',
@@ -61,6 +63,14 @@ android {
                     pojavEnv: env,
             ]
         }
+        plugin {
+            dimension 'profile'
+        }
+        trace {
+            dimension 'profile'
+            applicationIdSuffix '.trace'
+            versionNameSuffix '-trace'
+        }
     }
 
     if (releaseSigningReady) {
@@ -83,6 +93,13 @@ android {
         }
     }
 
+    externalNativeBuild {
+        cmake {
+            path file('src/trace/cpp/CMakeLists.txt')
+            version '3.22.1'
+        }
+    }
+
     packaging {
         jniLibs {
             useLegacyPackaging true
@@ -97,6 +114,12 @@ android.applicationVariants.configureEach { variant ->
     }
 }
 
+androidComponents {
+    onVariants(selector().withFlavor('profile', 'plugin')) { variant ->
+        variant.packaging.jniLibs.excludes.add('**/libtrace_replay_runner.so')
+    }
+}
+
 dependencies {
     implementation project(':MobileGL')
 }

android-plugin/app/src/trace/AndroidManifest.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android">
+
+    <application>
+        <activity
+            android:name=".trace.TraceReplayActivity"
+            android:exported="true"
+            android:theme="@style/Theme.MobileGLPlugin">
+            <intent-filter>
+                <action android:name="top.mobilegl.plugin.TRACE_REPLAY" />
+                <category android:name="android.intent.category.DEFAULT" />
+            </intent-filter>
+        </activity>
+    </application>
+
+</manifest>

android-plugin/app/src/trace/cpp/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 3.22.1)
+
+project(trace_replay_runner)
+
+set(APITRACE_ROOT "${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/../../../../third_party/apitrace")
+set(APITRACE_BINARY_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/apitrace")
+set(APITRACE_VERSION "mobilegl-trace")
+
+find_package(Python3 REQUIRED)
+find_package(Threads REQUIRED)
+
+include("${APITRACE_ROOT}/cmake/ConvenienceLibrary.cmake")
+
+function(target_optimize TARGET)
+    target_compile_definitions(${TARGET} PRIVATE -DNDEBUG)
+    target_compile_options(${TARGET} PRIVATE -O3)
+endfunction()
+
+function(include_with_scope)
+    include(${ARGV})
+endfunction()
+
+set(BUILD_TESTING OFF CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
+set(ENABLE_STATIC_SNAPPY ON CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
+set(DOC_INSTALL_DIR "doc" CACHE PATH "" FORCE)
+set(HAVE_X86 OFF CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
+set(ZLIB_FOUND OFF CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
+set(PNG_FOUND OFF CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
+set(Snappy_FOUND OFF CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
+set(BROTLIDEC_FOUND OFF CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
+set(BROTLIENC_FOUND OFF CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
+set(ZSTD_FOUND OFF CACHE BOOL "" FORCE)
+set(CMAKE_EXECUTABLE_FORMAT "MobileGLAndroid" CACHE INTERNAL "" FORCE)
+
+add_custom_target(check)
+add_subdirectory("${APITRACE_ROOT}/thirdparty" "${APITRACE_BINARY_DIR}/thirdparty")
+
+set(APITRACE_GENERATED_DIR "${APITRACE_BINARY_DIR}/generated")
+file(MAKE_DIRECTORY "${APITRACE_GENERATED_DIR}")
+configure_file("${APITRACE_ROOT}/version.h.in" "${APITRACE_GENERATED_DIR}/version.h" @ONLY)
+
+add_custom_command(
+        OUTPUT
+        "${APITRACE_GENERATED_DIR}/glproc.hpp"
+        "${APITRACE_GENERATED_DIR}/glproc.cpp"
+        COMMAND ${Python3_EXECUTABLE}
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/dispatch/glproc.py"
+        "${APITRACE_GENERATED_DIR}/glproc.hpp"
+        "${APITRACE_GENERATED_DIR}/glproc.cpp"
+        DEPENDS
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/dispatch/glproc.py"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/dispatch/dispatch.py"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/specs/wglapi.py"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/specs/glxapi.py"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/specs/cglapi.py"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/specs/eglapi.py"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/specs/glapi.py"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/specs/gltypes.py"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/specs/stdapi.py")
+
+add_library(glproc STATIC
+        "${APITRACE_GENERATED_DIR}/glproc.cpp"
+        apitrace_glproc_android.cpp)
+target_include_directories(glproc PUBLIC
+        "${APITRACE_GENERATED_DIR}"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/dispatch"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/os"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/thirdparty/khronos")
+target_link_libraries(glproc PUBLIC apitrace_os dl)
+
+execute_process(
+        COMMAND ${Python3_EXECUTABLE} "${APITRACE_ROOT}/retrace/glretrace.py"
+        OUTPUT_FILE "${APITRACE_GENERATED_DIR}/glretrace_gl.cpp"
+        COMMAND_ERROR_IS_FATAL ANY)
+
+execute_process(
+        COMMAND ${Python3_EXECUTABLE} "${APITRACE_ROOT}/retrace/glstate_params.py"
+        OUTPUT_FILE "${APITRACE_GENERATED_DIR}/glstate_params.cpp"
+        COMMAND_ERROR_IS_FATAL ANY)
+
+add_library(apitrace_os STATIC
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/os/os_backtrace.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/os/os_crtdbg.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/os/os_posix.cpp")
+target_include_directories(apitrace_os PUBLIC
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/compat"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/thirdparty"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/os"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/trace")
+target_link_libraries(apitrace_os PUBLIC Threads::Threads)
+
+add_library(highlight STATIC "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/highlight/highlight.cpp")
+target_include_directories(highlight PUBLIC "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/highlight")
+
+add_library(guids STATIC "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/guids/guids.cpp")
+target_include_directories(guids PUBLIC
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/guids"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/os")
+
+add_library(image STATIC
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/image/image_bmp.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/image/image_png.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/image/image_pnm.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/image/image_raw.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/image/image_md5.cpp")
+target_include_directories(image PUBLIC "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/image")
+target_link_libraries(image PUBLIC md5 PNG::PNG)
+
+add_library(common STATIC
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/trace/trace_callset.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/trace/trace_dump.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/trace/trace_fast_callset.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/trace/trace_file.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/trace/trace_file_read.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/trace/trace_file_zlib.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/trace/trace_file_brotli.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/trace/trace_file_snappy.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/trace/trace_file_zstd.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/trace/trace_file_zstd_seekable.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/trace/trace_model.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/trace/trace_option.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/trace/trace_ostream_snappy.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/trace/trace_ostream_zlib.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/trace/trace_ostream_zstd.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/trace/trace_parser.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/trace/trace_parser_flags.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/trace/trace_parser_loop.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/trace/trace_profiler.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/trace/trace_writer.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/trace/trace_writer_local.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/trace/trace_writer_model.cpp")
+target_include_directories(common PUBLIC
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/compat"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/thirdparty"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/guids"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/highlight"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/os"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/trace"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/ubjson")
+target_link_libraries(common PUBLIC
+        guids
+        highlight
+        apitrace_os
+        Snappy::snappy
+        ZLIB::ZLIB
+        PkgConfig::BROTLIDEC
+        PkgConfig::ZSTD
+        zstd_seekable)
+
+add_library(glhelpers STATIC
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/helpers/glfeatures.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/helpers/eglsize.cpp")
+target_include_directories(glhelpers PUBLIC
+        "${APITRACE_GENERATED_DIR}"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/dispatch"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/helpers"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/os"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/thirdparty/khronos")
+target_link_libraries(glhelpers PUBLIC glproc apitrace_os)
+
+add_library(retrace_common STATIC
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/retrace/json.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/retrace/process_name.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/retrace/retrace.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/retrace/retrace_main.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/retrace/retrace_stdc.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/retrace/retrace_swizzle.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/retrace/state_writer.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/retrace/state_writer_json.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/retrace/state_writer_ubjson.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/retrace/ws.cpp")
+target_compile_definitions(retrace_common PUBLIC RETRACE)
+target_compile_definitions(retrace_common PRIVATE exit=mobilegl_apitrace_exit)
+target_compile_options(retrace_common PRIVATE "-include${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/apitrace_exit.hpp")
+target_include_directories(retrace_common PUBLIC
+        "${APITRACE_GENERATED_DIR}"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/compat"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/dispatch"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/helpers"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/highlight"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/image"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/os"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/trace"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/ubjson"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/retrace"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/thirdparty"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/thirdparty/khronos")
+target_link_libraries(retrace_common PUBLIC image common)
+
+add_library(glretrace_common STATIC
+        "${APITRACE_GENERATED_DIR}/glretrace_gl.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_GENERATED_DIR}/glstate_params.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/retrace/glretrace_cgl.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/retrace/glretrace_egl.cpp"
+        # GLX here is only the apitrace trace-call frontend. Android execution
+        # still goes through apitrace_glws_android.cpp and MobileGL's EGL entrypoints.
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/retrace/glretrace_glx.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/retrace/glretrace_main.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/retrace/glretrace_wgl.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/retrace/glretrace_wgl_font_bitmaps.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/retrace/glretrace_wgl_font_outlines.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/retrace/glretrace_ws.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/retrace/glstate.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/retrace/glstate_formats.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/retrace/glstate_images.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/retrace/glstate_shaders.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/retrace/glws.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/retrace/metric_backend_amd_perfmon.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/retrace/metric_backend_intel_perfquery.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/retrace/metric_backend_opengl.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/retrace/metric_helper.cpp"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/retrace/metric_writer.cpp"
+        apitrace_glws_android.cpp)
+target_include_directories(glretrace_common PUBLIC
+        "${APITRACE_GENERATED_DIR}"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/dispatch"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/helpers"
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/retrace")
+target_compile_definitions(glretrace_common PRIVATE exit=mobilegl_apitrace_exit)
+target_compile_options(glretrace_common PRIVATE "-include${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/apitrace_exit.hpp")
+target_link_libraries(glretrace_common PUBLIC retrace_common glhelpers glproc)
+
+add_library(trace_replay_runner SHARED
+        trace_replay_core.cpp
+        trace_replay_jni.cpp)
+
+target_compile_features(trace_replay_runner PRIVATE cxx_std_17)
+
+target_include_directories(trace_replay_runner PRIVATE
+        "${APITRACE_ROOT}/lib/image")
+
+target_link_libraries(trace_replay_runner
+        glretrace_common
+        retrace_common
+        image
+        android
+        dl)

android-plugin/app/src/trace/cpp/apitrace_exit.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#pragma once
+
+struct MobileGLRetraceExit {
+    int status;
+};
+
+extern "C" [[noreturn]] void mobilegl_apitrace_exit(int status);

android-plugin/app/src/trace/cpp/apitrace_glproc_android.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+#include "glproc.hpp"
+
+#include <GLES3/gl3.h>
+#include <cstdlib>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <dlfcn.h>
+
+void *_libGlHandle = nullptr;
+
+namespace {
+
+void *LookupSymbol(const char *procName);
+
+void *GetMobileGlHandle() {
+    if (_libGlHandle != nullptr) {
+        return _libGlHandle;
+    }
+
+    _libGlHandle = dlopen("libMobileGL.so", RTLD_NOW | RTLD_GLOBAL | RTLD_NOLOAD);
+    if (_libGlHandle == nullptr) {
+        _libGlHandle = dlopen("libMobileGL.so", RTLD_NOW | RTLD_GLOBAL);
+    }
+    return _libGlHandle;
+}
+
+using GlReadBuffer = void (*)(GLenum mode);
+using GlReadPixels = void (*)(GLint x, GLint y, GLsizei width, GLsizei height, GLenum format, GLenum type,
+                              void *pixels);
+using GlGetIntegerv = void (*)(GLenum pname, GLint *data);
+using GlGetError = GLenum (*)();
+GlReadBuffer gRealGlReadBuffer = nullptr;
+GlReadPixels gRealGlReadPixels = nullptr;
+GlGetIntegerv gRealGlGetIntegerv = nullptr;
+GlGetError gRealGlGetError = nullptr;
+int gSuppressInvalidEnumCount = 0;
+
+void MobileGLTraceReadBuffer(GLenum mode) {
+    if (mode == GL_BACK) {
+        ++gSuppressInvalidEnumCount;
+        return;
+    }
+    if (gRealGlReadBuffer == nullptr) {
+        gRealGlReadBuffer = reinterpret_cast<GlReadBuffer>(LookupSymbol("glReadBuffer"));
+    }
+    if (gRealGlReadBuffer != nullptr) {
+        gRealGlReadBuffer(mode);
+    }
+}
+
+void MobileGLTraceReadPixels(GLint x, GLint y, GLsizei width, GLsizei height, GLenum format, GLenum type,
+                             void *pixels) {
+    if (gRealGlReadPixels == nullptr) {
+        gRealGlReadPixels = reinterpret_cast<GlReadPixels>(LookupSymbol("glReadPixels"));
+    }
+    if (gRealGlReadPixels != nullptr) {
+        gRealGlReadPixels(x, y, width, height, format, type, pixels);
+    }
+    const char *stats = getenv("MOBILEGL_PRESENT_STATS");
+    if (stats == nullptr || stats[0] == '\0' || strcmp(stats, "0") == 0 ||
+        pixels == nullptr || width <= 0 || height <= 0 ||
+        format != GL_RGBA || type != GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE) {
+        return;
+    }
+    const auto *bytes = static_cast<const unsigned char *>(pixels);
+    const size_t pixelCount = static_cast<size_t>(width) * static_cast<size_t>(height);
+    size_t nonBlack = 0;
+    size_t nonTransparent = 0;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < pixelCount; ++i) {
+        const unsigned char *p = bytes + i * 4;
+        if (p[0] != 0 || p[1] != 0 || p[2] != 0) {
+            ++nonBlack;
+        }
+        if (p[3] != 0) {
+            ++nonTransparent;
+        }
+    }
+    fprintf(stderr,
+            "MOBILEGL_GLPROC_READPIXELS x=%d y=%d width=%d height=%d nonBlack=%zu/%zu alpha=%zu/%zu real=%p\n",
+            x, y, width, height, nonBlack, pixelCount, nonTransparent, pixelCount,
+            reinterpret_cast<void *>(gRealGlReadPixels));
+}
+
+void MobileGLTraceGetIntegerv(GLenum pname, GLint *data) {
+    if (pname == GL_READ_BUFFER) {
+        if (data != nullptr) {
+            *data = GL_BACK;
+        }
+        ++gSuppressInvalidEnumCount;
+        return;
+    }
+    if (gRealGlGetIntegerv == nullptr) {
+        gRealGlGetIntegerv = reinterpret_cast<GlGetIntegerv>(LookupSymbol("glGetIntegerv"));
+    }
+    if (gRealGlGetIntegerv != nullptr) {
+        gRealGlGetIntegerv(pname, data);
+    }
+}
+
+GLenum MobileGLTraceGetError() {
+    if (gRealGlGetError == nullptr) {
+        gRealGlGetError = reinterpret_cast<GlGetError>(LookupSymbol("glGetError"));
+    }
+    if (gRealGlGetError == nullptr) {
+        return GL_NO_ERROR;
+    }
+    GLenum error = gRealGlGetError();
+    if (error == GL_INVALID_ENUM && gSuppressInvalidEnumCount > 0) {
+        --gSuppressInvalidEnumCount;
+        return GL_NO_ERROR;
+    }
+    return error;
+}
+
+void *LookupSymbol(const char *procName) {
+    void *mobileGl = GetMobileGlHandle();
+    if (mobileGl != nullptr) {
+        void *proc = dlsym(mobileGl, procName);
+        if (proc != nullptr) {
+            return proc;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return dlsym(RTLD_DEFAULT, procName);
+}
+
+} // namespace
+
+void *_getPublicProcAddress(const char *procName) {
+    if (strcmp(procName, "glReadPixels") == 0) {
+        return reinterpret_cast<void *>(&MobileGLTraceReadPixels);
+    }
+    if (strcmp(procName, "glReadBuffer") == 0) {
+        return reinterpret_cast<void *>(&MobileGLTraceReadBuffer);
+    }
+    if (strcmp(procName, "glGetIntegerv") == 0) {
+        return reinterpret_cast<void *>(&MobileGLTraceGetIntegerv);
+    }
+    if (strcmp(procName, "glGetError") == 0) {
+        return reinterpret_cast<void *>(&MobileGLTraceGetError);
+    }
+    return LookupSymbol(procName);
+}
+
+void *_getPrivateProcAddress(const char *procName) {
+    void *proc = LookupSymbol(procName);
+    if (proc != nullptr) {
+        return proc;
+    }
+
+    if (_eglGetProcAddress != nullptr) {
+        return reinterpret_cast<void *>(_eglGetProcAddress(procName));
+    }
+
+    return nullptr;
+}

android-plugin/app/src/trace/cpp/apitrace_glws_android.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,412 @@
+#include "glws.hpp"
+#include "retrace.hpp"
+
+#include <android/native_window.h>
+#include <EGL/egl.h>
+#include <EGL/eglext.h>
+#include <dlfcn.h>
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdlib>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <iostream>
+
+namespace {
+
+using PfnEglBindApi = EGLBoolean (*)(EGLenum);
+using PfnEglChooseConfig = EGLBoolean (*)(EGLDisplay, const EGLint *, EGLConfig *, EGLint, EGLint *);
+using PfnEglCreateContext = EGLContext (*)(EGLDisplay, EGLConfig, EGLContext, const EGLint *);
+using PfnEglCreatePbufferSurface = EGLSurface (*)(EGLDisplay, EGLConfig, const EGLint *);
+using PfnEglCreateWindowSurface = EGLSurface (*)(EGLDisplay, EGLConfig, EGLNativeWindowType, const EGLint *);
+using PfnEglDestroyContext = EGLBoolean (*)(EGLDisplay, EGLContext);
+using PfnEglDestroySurface = EGLBoolean (*)(EGLDisplay, EGLSurface);
+using PfnEglGetConfigAttrib = EGLBoolean (*)(EGLDisplay, EGLConfig, EGLint, EGLint *);
+using PfnEglGetDisplay = EGLDisplay (*)(EGLNativeDisplayType);
+using PfnEglGetError = EGLint (*)();
+using PfnEglInitialize = EGLBoolean (*)(EGLDisplay, EGLint *, EGLint *);
+using PfnEglMakeCurrent = EGLBoolean (*)(EGLDisplay, EGLSurface, EGLSurface, EGLContext);
+using PfnEglQueryString = const char *(*)(EGLDisplay, EGLint);
+using PfnEglSwapBuffers = EGLBoolean (*)(EGLDisplay, EGLSurface);
+using PfnEglTerminate = EGLBoolean (*)(EGLDisplay);
+
+struct EglFns {
+    PfnEglBindApi bindApi = nullptr;
+    PfnEglChooseConfig chooseConfig = nullptr;
+    PfnEglCreateContext createContext = nullptr;
+    PfnEglCreatePbufferSurface createPbufferSurface = nullptr;
+    PfnEglCreateWindowSurface createWindowSurface = nullptr;
+    PfnEglDestroyContext destroyContext = nullptr;
+    PfnEglDestroySurface destroySurface = nullptr;
+    PfnEglGetConfigAttrib getConfigAttrib = nullptr;
+    PfnEglGetDisplay getDisplay = nullptr;
+    PfnEglGetError getError = nullptr;
+    PfnEglInitialize initialize = nullptr;
+    PfnEglMakeCurrent makeCurrent = nullptr;
+    PfnEglQueryString queryString = nullptr;
+    PfnEglSwapBuffers swapBuffers = nullptr;
+    PfnEglTerminate terminate = nullptr;
+};
+
+EglFns gEgl;
+EGLDisplay gDisplay = EGL_NO_DISPLAY;
+void *gMobileGl = nullptr;
+const glws::Drawable *gCurrentDrawable = nullptr;
+EGLContext gCurrentContext = EGL_NO_CONTEXT;
+ANativeWindow *gNativeWindow = nullptr;
+int gRequestedWidth = 0;
+int gRequestedHeight = 0;
+
+int ResolveWidth(int width) {
+    if (gRequestedWidth > 0) {
+        return gRequestedWidth;
+    }
+    return width > 0 ? width : 1;
+}
+
+int ResolveHeight(int height) {
+    if (gRequestedHeight > 0) {
+        return gRequestedHeight;
+    }
+    return height > 0 ? height : 1;
+}
+
+void *Lookup(const char *name) {
+    if (gMobileGl == nullptr) {
+        gMobileGl = dlopen("libMobileGL.so", RTLD_NOW | RTLD_GLOBAL | RTLD_NOLOAD);
+        if (gMobileGl == nullptr) {
+            gMobileGl = dlopen("libMobileGL.so", RTLD_NOW | RTLD_GLOBAL);
+        }
+    }
+    if (gMobileGl != nullptr) {
+        void *symbol = dlsym(gMobileGl, name);
+        if (symbol != nullptr) {
+            return symbol;
+        }
+    }
+    return dlsym(RTLD_DEFAULT, name);
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+bool Load(T &slot, const char *name) {
+    slot = reinterpret_cast<T>(Lookup(name));
+    if (slot == nullptr) {
+        std::cerr << "error: failed to resolve " << name << " from MobileGL\n";
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool LoadEgl() {
+    return Load(gEgl.bindApi, "eglBindAPI") &&
+           Load(gEgl.chooseConfig, "eglChooseConfig") &&
+           Load(gEgl.createContext, "eglCreateContext") &&
+           Load(gEgl.createPbufferSurface, "eglCreatePbufferSurface") &&
+           Load(gEgl.createWindowSurface, "eglCreateWindowSurface") &&
+           Load(gEgl.destroyContext, "eglDestroyContext") &&
+           Load(gEgl.destroySurface, "eglDestroySurface") &&
+           Load(gEgl.getConfigAttrib, "eglGetConfigAttrib") &&
+           Load(gEgl.getDisplay, "eglGetDisplay") &&
+           Load(gEgl.getError, "eglGetError") &&
+           Load(gEgl.initialize, "eglInitialize") &&
+           Load(gEgl.makeCurrent, "eglMakeCurrent") &&
+           Load(gEgl.queryString, "eglQueryString") &&
+           Load(gEgl.swapBuffers, "eglSwapBuffers") &&
+           Load(gEgl.terminate, "eglTerminate");
+}
+
+class AndroidVisual final : public glws::Visual {
+public:
+    EGLConfig config = nullptr;
+    EGLenum api = EGL_OPENGL_API;
+    EGLint nativeVisualId = 0;
+
+    explicit AndroidVisual(glws::Profile prof) : Visual(prof) {}
+};
+
+class AndroidDrawable final : public glws::Drawable {
+public:
+    EGLSurface surface = EGL_NO_SURFACE;
+
+    AndroidDrawable(const AndroidVisual *visual, int width, int height, bool pbuffer)
+        : Drawable(visual, width, height, pbuffer) {
+        createSurface();
+    }
+
+    ~AndroidDrawable() override {
+        destroySurface();
+    }
+
+    void resize(int w, int h) override {
+        w = ResolveWidth(w);
+        h = ResolveHeight(h);
+        if (w == width && h == height) {
+            return;
+        }
+        destroySurface();
+        width = w;
+        height = h;
+        createSurface();
+        if (gCurrentDrawable == this && gCurrentContext != EGL_NO_CONTEXT) {
+            gEgl.makeCurrent(gDisplay, surface, surface, gCurrentContext);
+        }
+    }
+
+    void show() override {
+        visible = true;
+    }
+
+    void swapBuffers() override {
+        if (surface != EGL_NO_SURFACE) {
+            char callNo[32];
+            const char *overrideCallNo = getenv("MOBILEGL_TRACE_CURRENT_CALL_OVERRIDE");
+            if (overrideCallNo != nullptr && overrideCallNo[0] != '\0') {
+                snprintf(callNo, sizeof(callNo), "%s", overrideCallNo);
+            } else {
+                snprintf(callNo, sizeof(callNo), "%u", retrace::callNo);
+            }
+            const char *targetCall = getenv("MOBILEGL_PRESENT_DUMP_CALL");
+            const char *presentStats = getenv("MOBILEGL_PRESENT_STATS");
+            if (targetCall != nullptr && targetCall[0] != '\0' &&
+                presentStats != nullptr && presentStats[0] != '\0' && strcmp(presentStats, "0") != 0) {
+                std::cerr << "MOBILEGL_TRACE_SWAP call=" << callNo
+                          << " target=" << targetCall << "\n";
+            }
+            setenv("MOBILEGL_PRESENT_CURRENT_CALL", callNo, 1);
+            gEgl.swapBuffers(gDisplay, surface);
+            unsetenv("MOBILEGL_PRESENT_CURRENT_CALL");
+        }
+    }
+
+private:
+    void createSurface() {
+        const int surfaceWidth = ResolveWidth(width);
+        const int surfaceHeight = ResolveHeight(height);
+        if (!pbuffer && gNativeWindow != nullptr) {
+            EGLint nativeVisualId = static_cast<const AndroidVisual *>(visual)->nativeVisualId;
+            ANativeWindow_setBuffersGeometry(gNativeWindow, surfaceWidth, surfaceHeight, nativeVisualId);
+            surface = gEgl.createWindowSurface(
+                    gDisplay,
+                    static_cast<const AndroidVisual *>(visual)->config,
+                    gNativeWindow,
+                    nullptr);
+        } else {
+            const EGLint attribs[] = {
+                    EGL_WIDTH, surfaceWidth,
+                    EGL_HEIGHT, surfaceHeight,
+                    EGL_NONE,
+            };
+            surface = gEgl.createPbufferSurface(
+                    gDisplay,
+                    static_cast<const AndroidVisual *>(visual)->config,
+                    attribs);
+        }
+        if (surface == EGL_NO_SURFACE) {
+            std::cerr << "error: EGL surface creation failed: 0x" << std::hex
+                      << gEgl.getError() << std::dec << "\n";
+        }
+    }
+
+    void destroySurface() {
+        if (surface != EGL_NO_SURFACE) {
+            gEgl.destroySurface(gDisplay, surface);
+            surface = EGL_NO_SURFACE;
+        }
+    }
+};
+
+class AndroidContext final : public glws::Context {
+public:
+    EGLContext context = EGL_NO_CONTEXT;
+
+    AndroidContext(const AndroidVisual *visual, glws::Context *shareContext)
+        : Context(visual) {
+        const EGLContext share = shareContext == nullptr
+                                         ? EGL_NO_CONTEXT
+                                         : static_cast<AndroidContext *>(shareContext)->context;
+        if (!gEgl.bindApi(visual->api)) {
+            std::cerr << "error: eglBindAPI failed: 0x" << std::hex << gEgl.getError()
+                      << std::dec << "\n";
+        }
+
+        EGLint attribs[9];
+        int index = 0;
+        if (visual->api == EGL_OPENGL_ES_API) {
+            attribs[index++] = EGL_CONTEXT_CLIENT_VERSION;
+            attribs[index++] = static_cast<EGLint>(std::max<unsigned>(profile.major, 2));
+        } else {
+            attribs[index++] = EGL_CONTEXT_MAJOR_VERSION_KHR;
+            attribs[index++] = profile.major >= 3 ? profile.major : 3;
+            attribs[index++] = EGL_CONTEXT_MINOR_VERSION_KHR;
+            attribs[index++] = profile.major >= 3 ? profile.minor : 3;
+            attribs[index++] = EGL_CONTEXT_OPENGL_PROFILE_MASK_KHR;
+            attribs[index++] = EGL_CONTEXT_OPENGL_CORE_PROFILE_BIT_KHR;
+        }
+        attribs[index++] = EGL_NONE;
+
+        context = gEgl.createContext(gDisplay, visual->config, share, attribs);
+        if (context == EGL_NO_CONTEXT && visual->api == EGL_OPENGL_API) {
+            const EGLint fallbackAttribs[] = {EGL_NONE};
+            context = gEgl.createContext(gDisplay, visual->config, share, fallbackAttribs);
+        }
+        if (context == EGL_NO_CONTEXT) {
+            std::cerr << "error: eglCreateContext failed: 0x" << std::hex << gEgl.getError()
+                      << std::dec << "\n";
+        }
+    }
+
+    ~AndroidContext() override {
+        if (context != EGL_NO_CONTEXT) {
+            gEgl.destroyContext(gDisplay, context);
+        }
+    }
+};
+
+const AndroidDrawable *AsAndroidDrawable(const glws::Drawable *drawable) {
+    return static_cast<const AndroidDrawable *>(drawable);
+}
+
+const AndroidContext *AsAndroidContext(const glws::Context *context) {
+    return static_cast<const AndroidContext *>(context);
+}
+
+} // namespace
+
+namespace glws {
+
+void init() {
+    if (gDisplay != EGL_NO_DISPLAY) {
+        return;
+    }
+    if (!LoadEgl()) {
+        return;
+    }
+    gDisplay = gEgl.getDisplay(EGL_DEFAULT_DISPLAY);
+    if (gDisplay == EGL_NO_DISPLAY) {
+        std::cerr << "error: eglGetDisplay failed: 0x" << std::hex << gEgl.getError()
+                  << std::dec << "\n";
+        return;
+    }
+    EGLint major = 0;
+    EGLint minor = 0;
+    if (!gEgl.initialize(gDisplay, &major, &minor)) {
+        std::cerr << "error: eglInitialize failed: 0x" << std::hex << gEgl.getError()
+                  << std::dec << "\n";
+    }
+}
+
+void cleanup() {
+    if (gDisplay != EGL_NO_DISPLAY) {
+        gEgl.makeCurrent(gDisplay, EGL_NO_SURFACE, EGL_NO_SURFACE, EGL_NO_CONTEXT);
+        gEgl.terminate(gDisplay);
+        gDisplay = EGL_NO_DISPLAY;
+    }
+}
+
+Visual *createVisual(bool doubleBuffer, unsigned samples, Profile profile) {
+    auto *visual = new AndroidVisual(profile);
+    visual->doubleBuffer = doubleBuffer;
+    // This glws implementation adapts apitrace's platform calls to EGL only.
+    // A GLX trace may reach this path through glretrace_glx.cpp, but MobileGL is
+    // still accessed through egl* and gl* symbols, never through glX* symbols.
+    visual->api = profile.api == glfeatures::API_GLES ? EGL_OPENGL_ES_API : EGL_OPENGL_API;
+
+    if (!gEgl.bindApi(visual->api)) {
+        delete visual;
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    const EGLint attribs[] = {
+            EGL_SURFACE_TYPE, gNativeWindow == nullptr ? EGL_PBUFFER_BIT : EGL_WINDOW_BIT,
+            EGL_RENDERABLE_TYPE,
+            visual->api == EGL_OPENGL_ES_API ? EGL_OPENGL_ES3_BIT : EGL_OPENGL_BIT,
+            EGL_RED_SIZE, 8,
+            EGL_GREEN_SIZE, 8,
+            EGL_BLUE_SIZE, 8,
+            EGL_ALPHA_SIZE, 8,
+            EGL_DEPTH_SIZE, 24,
+            EGL_STENCIL_SIZE, 8,
+            EGL_SAMPLE_BUFFERS, samples > 1 ? 1 : 0,
+            EGL_SAMPLES, samples > 1 ? static_cast<EGLint>(samples) : 0,
+            EGL_NONE,
+    };
+    EGLint count = 0;
+    if (!gEgl.chooseConfig(gDisplay, attribs, &visual->config, 1, &count) || count < 1) {
+        delete visual;
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+    gEgl.getConfigAttrib(gDisplay, visual->config, EGL_NATIVE_VISUAL_ID, &visual->nativeVisualId);
+    return visual;
+}
+
+Drawable *createDrawable(const Visual *visual, int width, int height, const pbuffer_info *pbInfo) {
+    return new AndroidDrawable(static_cast<const AndroidVisual *>(visual), ResolveWidth(width),
+                               ResolveHeight(height), pbInfo != nullptr);
+}
+
+Context *createContext(const Visual *visual, Context *shareContext, bool) {
+    return new AndroidContext(static_cast<const AndroidVisual *>(visual), shareContext);
+}
+
+bool makeCurrentInternal(Drawable *drawable, Drawable *readable, Context *context) {
+    EGLSurface drawSurface = drawable == nullptr ? EGL_NO_SURFACE : AsAndroidDrawable(drawable)->surface;
+    EGLSurface readSurface = readable == nullptr ? drawSurface : AsAndroidDrawable(readable)->surface;
+    EGLContext eglContext = context == nullptr ? EGL_NO_CONTEXT : AsAndroidContext(context)->context;
+    if (drawSurface == EGL_NO_SURFACE && readSurface == EGL_NO_SURFACE && eglContext == EGL_NO_CONTEXT) {
+        gEgl.makeCurrent(gDisplay, EGL_NO_SURFACE, EGL_NO_SURFACE, EGL_NO_CONTEXT);
+        gCurrentDrawable = nullptr;
+        gCurrentContext = EGL_NO_CONTEXT;
+        return true;
+    }
+    if (gEgl.makeCurrent(gDisplay, drawSurface, readSurface, eglContext) != EGL_TRUE) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    gCurrentDrawable = drawable;
+    gCurrentContext = eglContext;
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool processEvents() {
+    return false;
+}
+
+bool bindTexImage(Drawable *, int) {
+    return false;
+}
+
+bool releaseTexImage(Drawable *, int) {
+    return false;
+}
+
+bool setPbufferAttrib(Drawable *, const int *) {
+    return false;
+}
+
+} // namespace glws
+
+extern "C" bool mobilegl_trace_get_drawable_bounds(int *width, int *height) {
+    if (gCurrentDrawable == nullptr || width == nullptr || height == nullptr) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    *width = gCurrentDrawable->width;
+    *height = gCurrentDrawable->height;
+    return *width > 0 && *height > 0;
+}
+
+extern "C" void mobilegl_trace_set_native_window(ANativeWindow *window) {
+    if (gNativeWindow == window) {
+        return;
+    }
+    if (gNativeWindow != nullptr) {
+        ANativeWindow_release(gNativeWindow);
+    }
+    gNativeWindow = window;
+    if (gNativeWindow != nullptr) {
+        ANativeWindow_acquire(gNativeWindow);
+    }
+}
+
+extern "C" void mobilegl_trace_set_requested_size(int width, int height) {
+    gRequestedWidth = width > 0 ? width : 0;
+    gRequestedHeight = height > 0 ? height : 0;
+}

android-plugin/app/src/trace/cpp/trace_replay_core.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,611 @@
+#include "trace_replay_core.hpp"
+
+#include <dlfcn.h>
+#include "apitrace_exit.hpp"
+#include "png.h"
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cerrno>
+#include <cstdint>
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstdlib>
+#include <cctype>
+#include <cstring>
+#include <exception>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <limits>
+#include <memory>
+#include <sstream>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+
+extern "C" int main(int argc, char** argv);
+
+namespace mobilegl_trace {
+namespace {
+
+struct RgbaImage {
+    int width = 0;
+    int height = 0;
+    std::vector<std::uint8_t> pixels;
+};
+
+class ScopedFdRedirect {
+public:
+    explicit ScopedFdRedirect(const std::string& path)
+            : stdoutCopy(dup(STDOUT_FILENO)), stderrCopy(dup(STDERR_FILENO)) {
+        int fd = open(path.c_str(), O_CREAT | O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC, 0664);
+        if (fd >= 0) {
+            dup2(fd, STDOUT_FILENO);
+            dup2(fd, STDERR_FILENO);
+            close(fd);
+        }
+    }
+
+    ~ScopedFdRedirect() {
+        fflush(stdout);
+        fflush(stderr);
+        if (stdoutCopy >= 0) {
+            dup2(stdoutCopy, STDOUT_FILENO);
+            close(stdoutCopy);
+        }
+        if (stderrCopy >= 0) {
+            dup2(stderrCopy, STDERR_FILENO);
+            close(stderrCopy);
+        }
+    }
+
+private:
+    int stdoutCopy = -1;
+    int stderrCopy = -1;
+};
+
+bool Exists(const std::string& path) {
+    struct stat st {};
+    return !path.empty() && stat(path.c_str(), &st) == 0 && S_ISREG(st.st_mode);
+}
+
+bool EnsureDirectory(const std::string& path) {
+    if (path.empty()) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    struct stat st {};
+    if (stat(path.c_str(), &st) == 0) {
+        return S_ISDIR(st.st_mode);
+    }
+    return mkdir(path.c_str(), 0775) == 0 || errno == EEXIST;
+}
+
+std::string JsonEscape(const std::string& value) {
+    std::ostringstream out;
+    for (char ch : value) {
+        switch (ch) {
+            case '\\':
+                out << "\\\\";
+                break;
+            case '"':
+                out << "\\\"";
+                break;
+            case '\n':
+                out << "\\n";
+                break;
+            case '\r':
+                out << "\\r";
+                break;
+            case '\t':
+                out << "\\t";
+                break;
+            default:
+                out << ch;
+                break;
+        }
+    }
+    return out.str();
+}
+
+bool LoadMobileGL(const Request& request, std::string& error) {
+    setenv("MOBILEGL_BACKEND_TYPE", request.backend.c_str(), 1);
+
+    void* handle = dlopen(request.mobileGlLibrary.c_str(), RTLD_NOW | RTLD_GLOBAL);
+    if (handle == nullptr) {
+        const char* dlError = dlerror();
+        error = dlError == nullptr ? "dlopen(libMobileGL.so) failed" : dlError;
+        return false;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool CopyFile(const std::string& from, const std::string& to) {
+    std::ifstream input(from, std::ios::binary);
+    std::ofstream output(to, std::ios::binary | std::ios::trunc);
+    if (!input || !output) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    output << input.rdbuf();
+    return static_cast<bool>(output);
+}
+
+bool ReadPngRgba(const std::string& path, RgbaImage& image, std::string& error) {
+    FILE* file = fopen(path.c_str(), "rb");
+    if (file == nullptr) {
+        error = "failed to open PNG: " + path;
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    png_structp png = png_create_read_struct(PNG_LIBPNG_VER_STRING, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
+    if (png == nullptr) {
+        fclose(file);
+        error = "png_create_read_struct failed";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    png_infop info = png_create_info_struct(png);
+    if (info == nullptr) {
+        png_destroy_read_struct(&png, nullptr, nullptr);
+        fclose(file);
+        error = "png_create_info_struct failed";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (setjmp(png_jmpbuf(png)) != 0) {
+        png_destroy_read_struct(&png, &info, nullptr);
+        fclose(file);
+        error = "libpng failed to decode: " + path;
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    png_init_io(png, file);
+    png_read_info(png, info);
+
+    png_uint_32 width = png_get_image_width(png, info);
+    png_uint_32 height = png_get_image_height(png, info);
+    int colorType = png_get_color_type(png, info);
+    int bitDepth = png_get_bit_depth(png, info);
+
+    if (bitDepth == 16) {
+        png_set_strip_16(png);
+    }
+    if (colorType == PNG_COLOR_TYPE_PALETTE) {
+        png_set_palette_to_rgb(png);
+    }
+    if (colorType == PNG_COLOR_TYPE_GRAY && bitDepth < 8) {
+        png_set_expand_gray_1_2_4_to_8(png);
+    }
+    if (png_get_valid(png, info, PNG_INFO_tRNS)) {
+        png_set_tRNS_to_alpha(png);
+    }
+    if (colorType == PNG_COLOR_TYPE_GRAY || colorType == PNG_COLOR_TYPE_GRAY_ALPHA) {
+        png_set_gray_to_rgb(png);
+    }
+    if ((colorType & PNG_COLOR_MASK_ALPHA) == 0) {
+        png_set_filler(png, 0xff, PNG_FILLER_AFTER);
+    }
+
+    png_read_update_info(png, info);
+    png_size_t rowBytes = png_get_rowbytes(png, info);
+    if (width == 0 || height == 0 || rowBytes < width * 4) {
+        png_destroy_read_struct(&png, &info, nullptr);
+        fclose(file);
+        error = "decoded PNG has invalid dimensions: " + path;
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    image.width = static_cast<int>(width);
+    image.height = static_cast<int>(height);
+    image.pixels.resize(static_cast<std::size_t>(image.width) * image.height * 4);
+
+    std::vector<std::uint8_t> rowsStorage;
+    std::vector<png_bytep> rows(height);
+    if (rowBytes == width * 4) {
+        for (png_uint_32 y = 0; y < height; ++y) {
+            rows[y] = image.pixels.data() + static_cast<std::size_t>(y) * image.width * 4;
+        }
+    } else {
+        rowsStorage.resize(static_cast<std::size_t>(rowBytes) * height);
+        for (png_uint_32 y = 0; y < height; ++y) {
+            rows[y] = rowsStorage.data() + static_cast<std::size_t>(y) * rowBytes;
+        }
+    }
+
+    png_read_image(png, rows.data());
+    png_read_end(png, nullptr);
+    png_destroy_read_struct(&png, &info, nullptr);
+    fclose(file);
+
+    if (!rowsStorage.empty()) {
+        for (int y = 0; y < image.height; ++y) {
+            memcpy(image.pixels.data() + static_cast<std::size_t>(y) * image.width * 4,
+                   rowsStorage.data() + static_cast<std::size_t>(y) * rowBytes,
+                   static_cast<std::size_t>(image.width) * 4);
+        }
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool WritePngRgba(const std::string& path, const RgbaImage& image, std::string& error) {
+    FILE* file = fopen(path.c_str(), "wb");
+    if (file == nullptr) {
+        error = "failed to open PNG for write: " + path;
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    png_structp png = png_create_write_struct(PNG_LIBPNG_VER_STRING, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
+    if (png == nullptr) {
+        fclose(file);
+        error = "png_create_write_struct failed";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    png_infop info = png_create_info_struct(png);
+    if (info == nullptr) {
+        png_destroy_write_struct(&png, nullptr);
+        fclose(file);
+        error = "png_create_info_struct failed";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (setjmp(png_jmpbuf(png)) != 0) {
+        png_destroy_write_struct(&png, &info);
+        fclose(file);
+        error = "libpng failed to write: " + path;
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    png_init_io(png, file);
+    png_set_IHDR(png, info, image.width, image.height, 8, PNG_COLOR_TYPE_RGBA,
+                 PNG_INTERLACE_NONE, PNG_COMPRESSION_TYPE_DEFAULT, PNG_FILTER_TYPE_DEFAULT);
+    png_write_info(png, info);
+
+    std::vector<png_bytep> rows(static_cast<std::size_t>(image.height));
+    for (int y = 0; y < image.height; ++y) {
+        rows[static_cast<std::size_t>(y)] =
+                const_cast<png_bytep>(image.pixels.data() + static_cast<std::size_t>(y) * image.width * 4);
+    }
+    png_write_image(png, rows.data());
+    png_write_end(png, nullptr);
+    png_destroy_write_struct(&png, &info);
+    fclose(file);
+    return true;
+}
+
+bool ReadPpmRgbAsRgba(const std::string& path, RgbaImage& image, std::string& error) {
+    std::ifstream file(path, std::ios::binary);
+    if (!file) {
+        error = "failed to open PPM: " + path;
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    auto readToken = [&file]() -> std::string {
+        std::string token;
+        char ch = 0;
+        while (file.get(ch)) {
+            if (ch == '#') {
+                file.ignore(std::numeric_limits<std::streamsize>::max(), '\n');
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (!std::isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch))) {
+                token.push_back(ch);
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        while (file.get(ch)) {
+            if (std::isspace(static_cast<unsigned char>(ch))) {
+                break;
+            }
+            token.push_back(ch);
+        }
+        return token;
+    };
+
+    const std::string magic = readToken();
+    const std::string widthToken = readToken();
+    const std::string heightToken = readToken();
+    const std::string maxToken = readToken();
+    if (magic != "P6" || widthToken.empty() || heightToken.empty() || maxToken != "255") {
+        error = "unsupported PPM header: " + path;
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    image.width = std::stoi(widthToken);
+    image.height = std::stoi(heightToken);
+    if (image.width <= 0 || image.height <= 0) {
+        error = "PPM has invalid dimensions: " + path;
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    std::vector<std::uint8_t> rgb(static_cast<std::size_t>(image.width) * image.height * 3);
+    file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(rgb.data()), static_cast<std::streamsize>(rgb.size()));
+    if (file.gcount() != static_cast<std::streamsize>(rgb.size())) {
+        error = "PPM payload is truncated: " + path;
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    image.pixels.resize(static_cast<std::size_t>(image.width) * image.height * 4);
+    for (std::size_t i = 0, j = 0; i < rgb.size(); i += 3, j += 4) {
+        image.pixels[j + 0] = rgb[i + 0];
+        image.pixels[j + 1] = rgb[i + 1];
+        image.pixels[j + 2] = rgb[i + 2];
+        image.pixels[j + 3] = 0xff;
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+std::string SnapshotPathForCall(const Request& request) {
+    char call[16];
+    snprintf(call, sizeof(call), "%010lld", request.targetCall);
+    return request.outputDir + "/actual." + call + ".png";
+}
+
+int RunRetraceMain(const Request& request) {
+    std::string prefix = request.outputDir + "/actual.";
+    std::string callSet = std::to_string(request.targetCall);
+
+    std::string arg0 = "mobilegl-glretrace";
+    std::string argBenchmark = "-b";
+    std::string argSingleThread = "--singlethread";
+    std::string argNoContextCheck = "--no-context-check";
+    std::string argSnapshotAlpha = "--snapshot-alpha";
+    std::string argSnapshotPrefix = "-s";
+    std::string argSnapshotCall = "-S";
+    std::string tracePath = request.tracePath;
+
+    char* argv[] = {
+            arg0.data(),
+            argBenchmark.data(),
+            argSingleThread.data(),
+            argNoContextCheck.data(),
+            argSnapshotAlpha.data(),
+            argSnapshotPrefix.data(),
+            prefix.data(),
+            argSnapshotCall.data(),
+            callSet.data(),
+            tracePath.data(),
+            nullptr,
+    };
+    return main(10, argv);
+}
+
+bool RunRetrace(const Request& request, Result& result) {
+    int status = 0;
+    try {
+        ScopedFdRedirect redirect(request.outputDir + "/retrace.log");
+        status = RunRetraceMain(request);
+    } catch (const MobileGLRetraceExit& retraceExit) {
+        status = retraceExit.status;
+    } catch (const std::exception& exception) {
+        result.statusCode = STATUS_RETRACE_FAILED;
+        result.message = "retrace failed with exception: " + std::string(exception.what());
+        return false;
+    } catch (...) {
+        result.statusCode = STATUS_RETRACE_FAILED;
+        result.message = "retrace failed with unknown exception";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (status != 0) {
+        std::ostringstream message;
+        message << "retrace failed with status " << status;
+        result.statusCode = STATUS_RETRACE_FAILED;
+        result.message = message.str();
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    std::string snapshotPath = SnapshotPathForCall(request);
+    const std::string presentPath = request.outputDir + "/present.ppm";
+    const bool hasSnapshot = Exists(snapshotPath);
+    const bool hasPresentDump = request.backend == "DirectVulkan" && Exists(presentPath);
+    if (!hasSnapshot && !hasPresentDump) {
+        result.statusCode = STATUS_RETRACE_FAILED;
+        result.message = "retrace completed but did not create expected snapshot: " + snapshotPath;
+        return false;
+    }
+    if (hasSnapshot && !hasPresentDump) {
+        if (!CopyFile(snapshotPath, result.actualPath)) {
+            result.statusCode = STATUS_IO_ERROR;
+            result.message = "failed to copy snapshot to " + result.actualPath;
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    if (request.backend == "DirectVulkan") {
+        if (hasPresentDump) {
+            RgbaImage present;
+            std::string imageError;
+            if (!ReadPpmRgbAsRgba(presentPath, present, imageError) ||
+                !WritePngRgba(request.outputDir + "/present.png", present, imageError)) {
+                result.statusCode = STATUS_IO_ERROR;
+                result.message = imageError.empty()
+                                         ? "failed to convert DirectVulkan present dump to PNG"
+                                         : imageError;
+                return false;
+            }
+            if (!WritePngRgba(result.actualPath, present, imageError)) {
+                result.statusCode = STATUS_IO_ERROR;
+                result.message = imageError.empty()
+                                         ? "failed to write DirectVulkan present dump to actual PNG"
+                                         : imageError;
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+int ChannelValue(const RgbaImage& image, int x, int y, int channel) {
+    return image.pixels[(static_cast<std::size_t>(y) * image.width + x) * 4 + channel];
+}
+
+bool CompareWithGolden(const Request& request, Result& result) {
+    if (request.goldenPath.empty()) {
+        result.passed = true;
+        result.statusCode = STATUS_OK;
+        result.message = "retrace completed; golden_path was not provided";
+        result.mismatchPixels = 0;
+        return true;
+    }
+    if (!Exists(request.goldenPath)) {
+        result.statusCode = STATUS_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
+        result.message = "golden_path does not exist or is not a regular file";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    RgbaImage actual;
+    RgbaImage golden;
+    std::string pngError;
+    if (!ReadPngRgba(result.actualPath, actual, pngError) ||
+        !ReadPngRgba(request.goldenPath, golden, pngError)) {
+        result.statusCode = STATUS_COMPARE_FAILED;
+        result.message = pngError.empty() ? "failed to decode actual or golden PNG" : pngError;
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    int x0 = request.cropX;
+    int y0 = request.cropY;
+    if (request.cropWidth <= 0 && request.cropHeight <= 0 &&
+        (actual.width != golden.width || actual.height != golden.height)) {
+        result.statusCode = STATUS_COMPARE_FAILED;
+        std::ostringstream message;
+        message << "actual image size " << actual.width << "x" << actual.height
+                << " does not match golden image size " << golden.width << "x" << golden.height;
+        result.message = message.str();
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    int compareWidth = request.cropWidth > 0 ? request.cropWidth : actual.width;
+    int compareHeight = request.cropHeight > 0 ? request.cropHeight : actual.height;
+    if (compareWidth <= 0 || compareHeight <= 0 ||
+        x0 < 0 || y0 < 0 ||
+        x0 + compareWidth > actual.width ||
+        y0 + compareHeight > actual.height ||
+        x0 + compareWidth > golden.width ||
+        y0 + compareHeight > golden.height) {
+        result.statusCode = STATUS_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
+        result.message = "compare crop is outside actual or golden image bounds";
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    const int fuzz = std::max(0, std::min(100, request.fuzzPercent)) * 255 / 100;
+    long long mismatch = 0;
+    for (int y = 0; y < compareHeight; ++y) {
+        for (int x = 0; x < compareWidth; ++x) {
+            bool different = false;
+            for (unsigned c = 0; c < 3; ++c) {
+                int a = ChannelValue(actual, x0 + x, y0 + y, c);
+                int g = ChannelValue(golden, x0 + x, y0 + y, c);
+                if (std::abs(a - g) > fuzz) {
+                    different = true;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            if (different) {
+                ++mismatch;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    result.mismatchPixels = mismatch;
+    result.passed = mismatch <= request.tolerance;
+    result.statusCode = result.passed ? STATUS_OK : STATUS_COMPARE_FAILED;
+    std::ostringstream message;
+    message << "retrace completed; mismatchPixels=" << mismatch
+            << ", tolerance=" << request.tolerance
+            << ", fuzzPercent=" << request.fuzzPercent;
+    result.message = message.str();
+    return result.passed;
+}
+
+} // namespace
+
+extern "C" [[noreturn]] void mobilegl_apitrace_exit(int status) {
+    throw MobileGLRetraceExit{status};
+}
+
+bool WriteResultJson(const Request& request, const Result& result) {
+    std::ofstream file(result.resultPath, std::ios::out | std::ios::trunc);
+    if (!file) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    file << "{\n";
+    file << "  \"passed\": " << (result.passed ? "true" : "false") << ",\n";
+    file << "  \"statusCode\": " << result.statusCode << ",\n";
+    file << "  \"message\": \"" << JsonEscape(result.message) << "\",\n";
+    file << "  \"tracePath\": \"" << JsonEscape(request.tracePath) << "\",\n";
+    file << "  \"goldenPath\": \"" << JsonEscape(request.goldenPath) << "\",\n";
+    file << "  \"actualPath\": \"" << JsonEscape(result.actualPath) << "\",\n";
+    file << "  \"backend\": \"" << JsonEscape(request.backend) << "\",\n";
+    file << "  \"targetFrame\": " << request.targetFrame << ",\n";
+    file << "  \"targetCall\": " << request.targetCall << ",\n";
+    file << "  \"width\": " << request.width << ",\n";
+    file << "  \"height\": " << request.height << ",\n";
+    file << "  \"cropX\": " << request.cropX << ",\n";
+    file << "  \"cropY\": " << request.cropY << ",\n";
+    file << "  \"cropWidth\": " << request.cropWidth << ",\n";
+    file << "  \"cropHeight\": " << request.cropHeight << ",\n";
+    file << "  \"tolerance\": " << request.tolerance << ",\n";
+    file << "  \"fuzzPercent\": " << request.fuzzPercent << ",\n";
+    file << "  \"mismatchPixels\": " << result.mismatchPixels << "\n";
+    file << "}\n";
+    return true;
+}
+
+Result RunTraceReplay(const Request& request) {
+    Result result;
+    result.resultPath = request.outputDir + "/result.json";
+    result.actualPath = request.outputDir + "/actual.png";
+
+    if (!EnsureDirectory(request.outputDir)) {
+        result.statusCode = STATUS_IO_ERROR;
+        result.message = "failed to create output directory: " + request.outputDir;
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    if (request.backend != "DirectGLES" && request.backend != "DirectVulkan") {
+        result.statusCode = STATUS_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
+        result.message = "backend must be DirectGLES or DirectVulkan";
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    if (!Exists(request.tracePath)) {
+        result.statusCode = STATUS_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
+        result.message = "trace_path does not exist or is not a regular file";
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    if (request.targetCall < 0) {
+        result.statusCode = STATUS_INVALID_ARGUMENT;
+        result.message = "target_call must be set for dump-images style replay";
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    if (request.backend == "DirectVulkan") {
+        std::string presentDumpPath = request.outputDir + "/present.ppm";
+        std::string presentDumpCall = std::to_string(request.targetCall);
+        setenv("MOBILEGL_PRESENT_DUMP_PATH", presentDumpPath.c_str(), 1);
+        setenv("MOBILEGL_PRESENT_DUMP_CALL", presentDumpCall.c_str(), 1);
+    } else {
+        unsetenv("MOBILEGL_PRESENT_STATS");
+        unsetenv("MOBILEGL_PRESENT_DUMP_PATH");
+        unsetenv("MOBILEGL_PRESENT_DUMP_CALL");
+        unsetenv("MOBILEGL_TEXTURE_UPLOAD_STATS");
+        unsetenv("MOBILEGL_DESCRIPTOR_STATS");
+    }
+
+    std::string mobileGlError;
+    if (!LoadMobileGL(request, mobileGlError)) {
+        result.statusCode = STATUS_MOBILEGL_LOAD_ERROR;
+        result.message = "failed to load MobileGL: " + mobileGlError;
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    if (!RunRetrace(request, result)) {
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    CompareWithGolden(request, result);
+    return result;
+}
+
+} // namespace mobilegl_trace

android-plugin/app/src/trace/cpp/trace_replay_core.hpp

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <string>
+
+namespace mobilegl_trace {
+
+enum StatusCode {
+    STATUS_OK = 0,
+    STATUS_INVALID_ARGUMENT = 1,
+    STATUS_IO_ERROR = 2,
+    STATUS_MOBILEGL_LOAD_ERROR = 3,
+    STATUS_RETRACE_NOT_LINKED = 4,
+    STATUS_RETRACE_FAILED = 5,
+    STATUS_COMPARE_FAILED = 6,
+};
+
+struct Request {
+    std::string tracePath;
+    std::string goldenPath;
+    std::string outputDir;
+    std::string backend;
+    std::string mobileGlLibrary = "libMobileGL.so";
+    int targetFrame = -1;
+    long long targetCall = -1;
+    int width = 0;
+    int height = 0;
+    int cropX = 0;
+    int cropY = 0;
+    int cropWidth = 0;
+    int cropHeight = 0;
+    int tolerance = 0;
+    int fuzzPercent = 20;
+};
+
+struct Result {
+    bool passed = false;
+    int statusCode = STATUS_OK;
+    std::string message;
+    std::string resultPath;
+    std::string actualPath;
+    long long mismatchPixels = -1;
+};
+
+Result RunTraceReplay(const Request& request);
+bool WriteResultJson(const Request& request, const Result& result);
+
+} // namespace mobilegl_trace

android-plugin/app/src/trace/cpp/trace_replay_jni.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+#include "trace_replay_core.hpp"
+
+#include <android/native_window.h>
+#include <android/native_window_jni.h>
+#include <jni.h>
+
+#include <string>
+
+extern "C" void mobilegl_trace_set_native_window(ANativeWindow *window);
+extern "C" void mobilegl_trace_set_requested_size(int width, int height);
+
+namespace {
+
+std::string ToString(JNIEnv* env, jstring value) {
+    if (value == nullptr) {
+        return {};
+    }
+    const char* chars = env->GetStringUTFChars(value, nullptr);
+    std::string out = chars == nullptr ? "" : chars;
+    if (chars != nullptr) {
+        env->ReleaseStringUTFChars(value, chars);
+    }
+    return out;
+}
+
+jobject MakeResult(JNIEnv* env, const mobilegl_trace::Result& result) {
+    jclass clazz = env->FindClass("top/mobilegl/plugin/trace/TraceReplayActivity$TraceReplayResult");
+    if (clazz == nullptr) {
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+    jmethodID ctor = env->GetMethodID(clazz, "<init>", "(ZILjava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;Ljava/lang/String;)V");
+    if (ctor == nullptr) {
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+    jstring message = env->NewStringUTF(result.message.c_str());
+    jstring resultPath = env->NewStringUTF(result.resultPath.c_str());
+    jstring actualPath = env->NewStringUTF(result.actualPath.c_str());
+    jobject object = env->NewObject(clazz, ctor, result.passed ? JNI_TRUE : JNI_FALSE, result.statusCode, message,
+                                    resultPath, actualPath);
+    env->DeleteLocalRef(message);
+    env->DeleteLocalRef(resultPath);
+    env->DeleteLocalRef(actualPath);
+    return object;
+}
+
+} // namespace
+
+extern "C" JNIEXPORT jobject JNICALL
+Java_top_mobilegl_plugin_trace_TraceReplayActivity_nativeRunTraceReplay(JNIEnv* env,
+                                                                        jclass,
+                                                                        jobject surface,
+                                                                        jstring tracePath,
+                                                                        jstring goldenPath,
+                                                                        jstring outputDir,
+                                                                        jstring backend,
+                                                                        jint targetFrame,
+                                                                        jlong targetCall,
+                                                                        jint width,
+                                                                        jint height,
+                                                                        jint tolerance,
+                                                                        jint cropX,
+                                                                        jint cropY,
+                                                                        jint cropWidth,
+                                                                        jint cropHeight,
+                                                                        jint fuzzPercent) {
+    mobilegl_trace::Request request;
+    request.tracePath = ToString(env, tracePath);
+    request.goldenPath = ToString(env, goldenPath);
+    request.outputDir = ToString(env, outputDir);
+    request.backend = ToString(env, backend);
+    request.targetFrame = targetFrame;
+    request.targetCall = targetCall;
+    request.width = width;
+    request.height = height;
+    request.tolerance = tolerance;
+    request.cropX = cropX;
+    request.cropY = cropY;
+    request.cropWidth = cropWidth;
+    request.cropHeight = cropHeight;
+    request.fuzzPercent = fuzzPercent;
+
+    mobilegl_trace_set_requested_size(request.width, request.height);
+    const bool needsNativeWindow = request.backend == "DirectVulkan";
+    ANativeWindow *window = needsNativeWindow && surface != nullptr ? ANativeWindow_fromSurface(env, surface) : nullptr;
+    mobilegl_trace_set_native_window(window);
+    if (window != nullptr) {
+        ANativeWindow_release(window);
+    }
+
+    mobilegl_trace::Result result = mobilegl_trace::RunTraceReplay(request);
+    mobilegl_trace_set_native_window(nullptr);
+    mobilegl_trace_set_requested_size(0, 0);
+    if (!result.resultPath.empty()) {
+        mobilegl_trace::WriteResultJson(request, result);
+    }
+    return MakeResult(env, result);
+}

android-plugin/app/src/trace/java/top/mobilegl/plugin/trace/TraceReplayActivity.java

@@ -0,0 +1,233 @@
+package top.mobilegl.plugin.trace;
+
+import android.app.Activity;
+import android.content.Intent;
+import android.os.Bundle;
+import android.util.Log;
+import android.view.Surface;
+import android.view.SurfaceHolder;
+import android.view.SurfaceView;
+import android.view.Window;
+import android.view.WindowManager;
+import android.widget.TextView;
+
+import java.io.File;
+
+public final class TraceReplayActivity extends Activity {
+    public static final String ACTION_TRACE_REPLAY = "top.mobilegl.plugin.TRACE_REPLAY";
+
+    private static final String TAG = "MobileGLTraceRunner";
+    static {
+        System.loadLibrary("trace_replay_runner");
+    }
+
+    private TextView statusView;
+    private TraceReplayRequest request;
+    private boolean started;
+
+    @Override
+    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
+        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
+        Window window = getWindow();
+        window.addFlags(
+                WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_KEEP_SCREEN_ON
+                        | WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_SHOW_WHEN_LOCKED
+                        | WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_TURN_SCREEN_ON
+        );
+        SurfaceView surfaceView = new SurfaceView(this);
+        setContentView(surfaceView);
+
+        Intent intent = getIntent();
+        request = TraceReplayRequest.from(
+                intent,
+                getFilesDir(),
+                getString(top.mobilegl.plugin.R.string.mobilegl_default_backend)
+        );
+        statusView = new TextView(this);
+        statusView.setText("Waiting for render surface\n" + request.outputDir);
+        statusView.setPadding(24, 24, 24, 24);
+        addContentView(statusView, new android.view.ViewGroup.LayoutParams(
+                android.view.ViewGroup.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT,
+                android.view.ViewGroup.LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT
+        ));
+
+        SurfaceHolder holder = surfaceView.getHolder();
+        if (request.width > 0 && request.height > 0) {
+            holder.setFixedSize(request.width, request.height);
+        }
+        holder.addCallback(new SurfaceHolder.Callback() {
+            @Override
+            public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width, int height) {
+                startReplay(holder);
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    private void startReplay(SurfaceHolder holder) {
+        if (started) {
+            return;
+        }
+        started = true;
+        statusView.setText("Running trace replay\n" + request.outputDir);
+        new Thread(() -> runRequest(request, holder.getSurface()), "MobileGLTraceReplay").start();
+    }
+
+    private void runRequest(TraceReplayRequest request, Surface surface) {
+        TraceReplayResult result = nativeRunTraceReplay(
+                surface,
+                request.tracePath,
+                request.goldenPath,
+                request.outputDir,
+                request.backend,
+                request.targetFrame,
+                request.targetCall,
+                request.width,
+                request.height,
+                request.tolerance,
+                request.cropX,
+                request.cropY,
+                request.cropWidth,
+                request.cropHeight,
+                request.fuzzPercent
+        );
+        Log.i(TAG, result.toString());
+        TraceReplayResult finalResult = result;
+        runOnUiThread(() -> {
+            statusView.setText(finalResult.toString());
+            finish();
+        });
+    }
+
+    private static native TraceReplayResult nativeRunTraceReplay(
+            Surface surface,
+            String tracePath,
+            String goldenPath,
+            String outputDir,
+            String backend,
+            int targetFrame,
+            long targetCall,
+            int width,
+            int height,
+            int tolerance,
+            int cropX,
+            int cropY,
+            int cropWidth,
+            int cropHeight,
+            int fuzzPercent
+    );
+
+    private static final class TraceReplayRequest {
+        final String tracePath;
+        final String goldenPath;
+        final String outputDir;
+        final String backend;
+        final int targetFrame;
+        final long targetCall;
+        final int width;
+        final int height;
+        final int tolerance;
+        final int cropX;
+        final int cropY;
+        final int cropWidth;
+        final int cropHeight;
+        final int fuzzPercent;
+
+        private TraceReplayRequest(
+                String tracePath,
+                String goldenPath,
+                String outputDir,
+                String backend,
+                int targetFrame,
+                long targetCall,
+                int width,
+                int height,
+                int tolerance,
+                int cropX,
+                int cropY,
+                int cropWidth,
+                int cropHeight,
+                int fuzzPercent
+        ) {
+            this.tracePath = tracePath;
+            this.goldenPath = goldenPath;
+            this.outputDir = outputDir;
+            this.backend = backend;
+            this.targetFrame = targetFrame;
+            this.targetCall = targetCall;
+            this.width = width;
+            this.height = height;
+            this.tolerance = tolerance;
+            this.cropX = cropX;
+            this.cropY = cropY;
+            this.cropWidth = cropWidth;
+            this.cropHeight = cropHeight;
+            this.fuzzPercent = fuzzPercent;
+        }
+
+        static TraceReplayRequest from(Intent intent, File filesDir, String defaultBackend) {
+            String outputDir = readString(intent, "output_dir", new File(filesDir, "trace-replay").getAbsolutePath());
+            return new TraceReplayRequest(
+                    readString(intent, "trace_path", ""),
+                    readString(intent, "golden_path", ""),
+                    outputDir,
+                    readString(intent, "backend", defaultBackend),
+                    intent.getIntExtra("target_frame", -1),
+                    intent.getLongExtra("target_call", -1L),
+                    intent.getIntExtra("width", 0),
+                    intent.getIntExtra("height", 0),
+                    intent.getIntExtra("tolerance", 0),
+                    intent.getIntExtra("crop_x", 0),
+                    intent.getIntExtra("crop_y", 0),
+                    intent.getIntExtra("crop_width", 0),
+                    intent.getIntExtra("crop_height", 0),
+                    intent.getIntExtra("fuzz_percent", 20)
+            );
+        }
+
+        private static String readString(Intent intent, String key, String fallback) {
+            String value = intent.getStringExtra(key);
+            return value == null ? fallback : value;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static final class TraceReplayResult {
+        public final boolean passed;
+        public final int statusCode;
+        public final String message;
+        public final String resultPath;
+        public final String actualPath;
+
+        public TraceReplayResult(
+                boolean passed,
+                int statusCode,
+                String message,
+                String resultPath,
+                String actualPath
+        ) {
+            this.passed = passed;
+            this.statusCode = statusCode;
+            this.message = message;
+            this.resultPath = resultPath;
+            this.actualPath = actualPath;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public String toString() {
+            return "TraceReplayResult{" +
+                    "passed=" + passed +
+                    ", statusCode=" + statusCode +
+                    ", message='" + message + '\'' +
+                    ", resultPath='" + resultPath + '\'' +
+                    ", actualPath='" + actualPath + '\'' +
+                    '}';
+        }
+    }
+}

android-plugin/build.gradle

@@ -7,6 +7,9 @@ subprojects { subproject ->
     subproject.plugins.withId('com.android.library') {
         subproject.android {
             defaultConfig {
+                ndk {
+                    abiFilters 'arm64-v8a'
+                }
                 externalNativeBuild {
                     cmake {
                         cppFlags '-DMOBILEGL_LOG_ACTIVE_LEVEL=MOBILEGL_LOG_LEVEL_INFO'